Brexit: business, economy and finance
How will exiting the European Union impact on business, economy and finance? Read research and analysis from Parliament's libraries and committees.
Economy
Brexit: public procurement
Commons Library research briefing, updated 5 November 2018
Overview of the expected effects of Brexit on public procurement and future policy choices for the UK
Brexit deal: Potential economic impact
Commons Library Insight, 18 October 2019
Compares the new Brexit deal with the previous one and examines the potential long-term economic impact on the UK economy
Economic update: Growth and the March 29 effect
Commons Library Insight, 27 June 2019
What was the economic effect of planning to leave the EU on 29 March? And what is expected to happen next?
Budget 2018
Treasury Committee report, 12 February 2019
Says it is not credible for the Chancellor to refer to a 'deal dividend' – a boost to economic growth once a withdrawal deal has been agreed
The UK's economic relationship with the European Union: The Government's and Bank of England's Withdrawal Agreement analyses
Treasury Committee report, 11 December 2018
Argues that the Government's White Paper scenario cannot be used to inform Parliament's meaningful vote on the Withdrawal Agreement
Brexit and the economy: Government analysis of the long-term impact
Commons Library Insight, 5 December 2018
Examines how Brexit could affect the economy and provides a summary of the Government's long-term economic analyses of Brexit
Brexit deal: Economic analyses
Commons Library research briefing, 4 December 2018
What are the ways in which Brexit could affect the economy? And what do studies of the potential impact of Brexit on the economy show?
Exiting the EU: sectoral assessments
Commons Library research briefing, updated 9 March 2018
Information prepared for the Opposition Day debate on the sectoral impact assessments of exiting the EU
Transitional arrangements for exiting the European Union
Treasury Committee report, 14 December 2017
Report says an agreement between the UK and the EU27 on 'standstill' transitional arrangements is now urgent
Brexit impact: 58 sectors analysed
Commons Library Insight, 1 November 2017
Provides data on the current contribution 58 sectors make to the UK economy and the number of people they employ
Productivity in the UK
Commons Library research briefing, 20 September 2017
Provides latest statistics on UK productivity and looks at the impact of Brexit on productivity growth
Brexit and the economy
Commons Library Insight, 19 June 2017
Looks at the short and long-term effects of leaving the EU on the economy and trade
Single Market, citizens' rights and future economic requirements
Lords Library research briefing, 20 January 2017
Examines the impact of leaving the Single Market on citizens' rights and implications for UK economy, trade and financial services
Economic update: new targets, new forecasts
Commons Library Insight, 7 December 2016
Review of the Autumn Statement and the first forecasts for the economy and the public finances since the EU referendum
Business and industry
Impact of Brexit on business and industry
Brexit and financial services
Commons Library research briefing, updated 13 August 2019
What implications of Brexit are there for the financial services sector, an economic sector which is critical to the UK economy?
'No-deal' Brexit: How might state aid to businesses change?
Commons Library Insight, 22 July 2019
Examines EU state aid rules and whether they will change in the event of a no-deal Brexit
The consequences of "No Deal" for UK business
Exiting the European Union Committee report, 19 July 2019
Warns that a no-deal Brexit would be the most economically damaging outcome for UK business
Financial Services (Implementation of Legislation) Bill 2017-19
Commons Library research briefing, updated 2 March 2019
Overview of the bill ahead of its second reading in the House of Commons on 11 February 2019
State aid, public ownership and workers' rights after UK leaves the EU
Commons Library research briefing, 10 December 2018
Overview of state aid, public ownership and workers' rights after the UK leaves the EU ahead of the debate on 11 December
Financial Services (Implementation of Legislation) Bill
Lords Library research briefing, 29 November 2018
Overview of the bill, which would enable the Treasury to make provision to EU financial services legislation in the event of no deal
Leaving the European Union: The Arts
Lords Library research briefing, 4 October 2018
Focuses on the impact of Brexit on funding for the arts and cultural sector in the UK, free movement of people, and copyright law
The impact of Brexit on the processed food and drink sector
Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee, 22 April 2018
The Government is almost out of time to negotiate a trade system after Brexit, risking on impact on consumers, businesses and workers
Effect of the UK leaving the EU on tourism and the creative industries
Commons Library research briefing, 13 April 2018
Outlines the importance of tourism and the creative industries to the UK economy
The impact of Brexit on the aerospace sector
Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee, 19 March 2018
Argues that any departure and divergence from global standards would be self-defeating for the aerospace sector post-Brexit
Leaving the EU: implications for the automotive industry
Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee, 1 March 2018
Calls for close relationship with existing EU regulatory and trading framework to give UK car manufacturing a chance of survival
Impact on creative industries, tourism and digital single market
Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee report, 25 January 2018
Examines the potential impact of changes to the workforce, funding and the regulatory environment
The aerospace industry: statistics and policy
Commons Library research briefing, 8 November 2017
Analysis of statistics on the aerospace industry and overview of Government policy and the impact of Brexit on the industry
The Solvency II Directive and its impact on the UK insurance industry
Treasury Committee report, 27 October 2017
Explores the Solvency II Directive – an EU-wide insurance regulatory scheme – and looks at the insurance industry in terms of Brexit
Leaving the EU: the impact on professional sport
Lords Library research briefing, 19 July 2017
Examines the potential effect of Brexit on the status of professional sportspeople and the possible economic impact on the sports sector
Leaving the EU: impact on the creative industries
Lords Library research briefing, 13 January 2017
Information on the potential impact of leaving the EU on the creative industries, focusing on the video game industry and the film industry
Brexit: financial services
EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee report, 15 December 2016
Highlights the importance of agreeing a transitional period for financial services to avoid a 'cliff edge' after withdrawing from the EU
The effect of leaving the EU on businesses in Wales
Commons Library research briefing, 9 December 2016
Information on the potential impact on business in Wales including growth prospects, EU funding, trade with the EU and EU regulations
Brexit: implications for the housing market and construction industry
Commons Library research briefing, 11 October 2016
How will Brexit affect construction industry confidence, the housing market and potential policy responses?
Potential effect of the UK leaving the EU on UK tourism
Commons Library research briefing, 4 October 2016
Examines the potential effect of leaving the EU on UK tourism with regard to visitor numbers, domestic tourism and exchange rates
Impact of Brexit on consumers
Brexit: ATOL protection scheme
Commons Library research briefing, updated 5 November 2019
Summary of the impact on ATOL of a "no deal" Brexit and outline of current insolvency protections in respect of package holidays and LTAs
Brexit: product standards and safety marking
Commons Library research briefing, 12 September 2019
Considers the UK's conformity with product standards and safety marking in the lead up to Brexit
Mobile roaming in a 'no deal' Brexit
Commons Library research briefing, 29 August 2019
Provides information about mobile roaming charges for UK customers travelling to the EU if the UK leaves the EU without a deal
Brexit: consumer rights
Commons Library research briefing, updated 29 May 2019
Overview of the main issues regarding the impact of Brexit on the UK's consumer regime under prospective trading models with the EU
Product safety and recall
Commons Library research briefing, 16 May 2018
Overview of the current product safety regime in the UK, looking at regulation, recall policies and the possible impact of Brexit
Brexit: will consumers be protected?
EU Justice Sub-Committee report, 19 December 2017
Highlights concerns about the Government's approach to consumer protection after Brexit
Effect of UK leaving the EU on consumers and consumer protection
Commons Library research briefing, 5 October 2017
Debate on the impact for consumers of EU withdrawal and the continued application of EU-derived consumer protection law
The abolition of mobile roaming charges and Brexit
Commons Library research briefing, 6 July 2017
Examines the regulation of roaming charges in the EU and the possible impact of Brexit on UK consumers
Regulation
Brexit: competition and state aid
EU Internal Market Sub-Committee report, 2 February 2018
Examines the implications of Brexit for competition matters including anticompetitive conduct or agreements, merger control and state aid
Brexit: the future of financial regulation and supervision
EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee report, 27 January 2018
Highlights the risks of no deal on market access and urges the government to provide greater clarity to the financial services sector
HM Government's plans for regulation
Lords Library research briefing, 1 December 2017
Overview of regulation in the UK and the potential impact of Brexit on UK regulatory bodies
Tax
Finance (No. 3) Bill: Briefing for Lords Stages
Lords Library research briefing, 23 January 2019
Summary of the bill and amendments put forward to allow the Government to make changes to tax law in the event of no deal
VAT: European law on VAT rates
Commons Library research briefing, 17 January 2019
Discusses the development of European law and the implications this has for the UK setting its own VAT rates
VAT: EU proposals for reform and implications of Brexit (PDF 560 KB)
European Scrutiny Committee report, 3 April 2018
Urges the Government to set out how it intends to guarantee collection of VAT on imports entering the UK via Ireland
UK tax after the EU referendum
Commons Library research briefing, updated 7 July 2017
Looks at the extent to which the UK and the EU are responsible for tax law, and tax after Brexit
Promoting tourism in Northern Ireland through the tax system
Northern Ireland Affairs Committee report, 20 March 2017
Report calls on the Government to investigate if post-Brexit powers over VAT can be used to boost tourism in Northern Ireland
Cost of leaving the EU
Brexit: the financial settlement
EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee report, 23 October 2019
Argues that there would be serious implications if the UK did not honour the terms of the financial settlement
Withdrawal Agreement Bill: The financial settlement
Commons Library Insight, 22 October 2019
Explains what has been agreed in the financial settlement and how the Government aims to implement it through the Bill
Brexit: the financial settlement
Commons Library research briefing, updated 22 October 2019
Overview of the agreement reached on the financial contribution that the UK is expected to make after leaving the EU
How does extending Article 50 affect the UK's financial settlement?
Commons Library Insight, 25 April 2019
Explains how delaying Brexit impacts on the potential cost of the financial settlement and the possibility of future costs
Withdrawal Agreement: The financial settlement
Commons Library Insight, 5 December 2018
What does the financial settlement include, when is the UK expected to pay and what happens if the withdrawal agreement isn't ratified?
Exiting the EU: the financial settlement
Public Accounts Committee report, 27 June 2018
Calls on the Government to provide Parliament and the public with clear and unambiguous information on the costs of withdrawal
The spending of the Department for Exiting the European Union
Commons Library research briefing, 22 February 2018
Overview of the costs of Brexit, looking at spending by the Department for Exiting the European Union and other departments
EU budget and funding
The UK Shared Prosperity Fund
Commons Library research briefing, 3 September 2019
Background and issues concerning the Government's proposed Shared Prosperity Fund, which will replace EU structural funding after Brexit
Replacement of EU structural funds for Least Developed Regions
Commons Library research briefing, updated 26 June 2019
Background information on the replacement of EU structural funds for Least Developed Regions ahead of the debate on 26 June
The UK's contribution to the EU budget
Commons Library research briefing, updated 24 June 2019
Discusses UK contributions to the EU budget and how much it receives back as well as potential post-Brexit payments to the EU
The European Investment Bank
Commons Library research briefing, updated 14 February 2019
Looks at the European Investment Bank's membership and operation, and the UK's future relationship with the bank following Brexit
Brexit: the European Investment Bank
EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee report, 31 January 2019
Calls for the Government to consider establishing a UK infrastructure bank, ahead of the UK leaving the European Union
UK funding from the EU
Commons Library research briefing, updated 28 November 2018
Looks at funding received by the UK from the EU and considers the implications of Brexit on the EU as a source of funding
A guide to the EU budget
Commons Library research briefing, updated 23 November 2018
Explains EU spending, sources of revenue, the UK's rebate and Member States' contributions and receipts
What happens to EU funding after Brexit?
Commons Library Insight, 12 March 2018
Examines what will happen to the funding for research, infrastructure and agricultural projects that the UK receives from EU programmes
Brexit and replacement for EU funding
Commons Library Insight, 12 July 2017
Overview of the funding that the UK receives from the EU and what will happen to this after Brexit
Brexit and the EU budget
EU Financial Affairs Sub-Committee report, 4 March 2017
Says contributions to the EU budget will be a politically sensitive and important element of the withdrawal negotiations
Future funding from the European Investment Bank?
Commons Library Insight, 21 November 2016
Highlights uncertainties about sources of infrastructure investment, particularly from the European Investment Bank
Further reading
Brexit reading list: economic, business and transport policy issues
Commons Library research briefing, updated 30 April 2019
Analysis and comment on trade, economic policy, EU budget, business and industry, employment and transport
EU Committee Report: Brexit: Will Consumers Be Protected?
Lords Library research briefing, 9 January 2019
Selection of material relevant to the forthcoming debate on the report from the European Union Committee on consumer protection